The DNASE1L1 antibody is a tool used to detect deoxyribonuclease 1-like 1 (DNASE1L1), a calcium-dependent endonuclease implicated in DNA fragmentation during apoptosis. DNASE1L1. also known as DNase γ, shares structural homology with DNASE1 (DNase I) but exhibits distinct substrate preferences and cellular localization. It is encoded by the *DNASE1L1* gene and expressed in tissues like the liver, kidney, and immune cells. Unlike DNASE1. which is secreted, DNASE1L1 localizes intracellularly, potentially within mitochondria or nuclei, suggesting roles in mitochondrial DNA degradation or chromatin breakdown.
Research using DNASE1L1 antibodies has explored its involvement in apoptotic pathways, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Dysregulation of DNASE1L1 is linked to impaired DNA clearance, which may trigger autoimmune responses (e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus) due to accumulation of self-DNA. In cancer, altered DNASE1L1 expression correlates with tumor progression or chemoresistance. The antibody aids in studying its expression patterns, post-translational modifications, and interactions with apoptotic regulators like Bcl-2 family proteins.
Commercial DNASE1L1 antibodies are typically validated for techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. Challenges include cross-reactivity with related DNases, necessitating careful validation via knockout controls. Ongoing studies aim to clarify its precise biological functions and therapeutic potential as a biomarker or drug target.