UBTF (Upstream Binding Transcription Factor), also known as UBF, is a critical regulatory protein involved in ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcription by RNA polymerase I. It belongs to the high-mobility group (HMG)-box protein family and binds to the upstream control element of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) promoters, facilitating the assembly of the transcription pre-initiation complex. UBTF plays a dual role: it stabilizes chromatin architecture and recruits essential factors like SL1/TIF-IB to promote rDNA transcription, a key process in ribosome biogenesis essential for cell growth and proliferation.
Antibodies targeting UBTF are widely used in research to investigate its expression, localization, and functional interactions. These antibodies enable detection of UBTF in techniques such as Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Studies leveraging UBTF antibodies have revealed its dysregulation in cancers, where hyperactive rRNA synthesis drives tumor progression, and in neurodegenerative disorders linked to nucleolar stress. Additionally, UBTF mutations are associated with pediatric neuroregression syndromes, highlighting its role in cellular homeostasis.
Available as monoclonal or polyclonal variants, UBTF antibodies often target conserved regions like the HMG-box domains or specific isoforms (e.g., UBF1/UBF2). Researchers prioritize antibodies validated for species cross-reactivity (human, mouse, rat) and application-specific efficacy. Understanding UBTF dynamics through these tools continues to advance insights into ribosomopathies, cancer mechanisms, and therapeutic targeting of Pol I transcription.