ACKR2 (Atypical Chemokine Receptor 2), also known as D6 or CCBP2. is a member of the atypical chemokine receptor family. Unlike classical chemokine receptors, ACKR2 does not activate G protein-mediated signaling pathways. Instead, it functions as a scavenger receptor that binds, internalizes, and degrades inflammatory CC-chemokines (e.g., CCL2. CCL3. CCL5), thereby regulating chemokine bioavailability and immune responses. This decoy activity helps resolve inflammation and maintain tissue homeostasis.
ACKR2 is predominantly expressed on lymphatic endothelial cells and certain immune cells, such as macrophages. Its role in modulating chemokine gradients makes it critical in processes like leukocyte trafficking, inflammatory disease progression, and cancer metastasis. Studies link ACKR2 dysregulation to chronic inflammation, autoimmune disorders, and tumor microenvironment remodeling. For instance, in cancer, ACKR2 may either suppress or promote metastasis depending on context, highlighting its dual roles.
ACKR2 antibodies are essential tools for detecting receptor expression, studying ligand-receptor interactions, and exploring therapeutic targeting. They are widely used in techniques like immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and Western blot. Research on ACKR2 continues to uncover its potential as a biomarker or therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases and oncology.