DBT antibodies target dystrobrevin (α-dystrobrevin or β-dystrobrevin), a component of the dystrophin-associated protein complex (DAPC) crucial for maintaining cell membrane stability, particularly in muscle and neuronal tissues. Dystrobrevin shares structural homology with dystrophin, including coiled-coil domains that mediate interactions with other DAPC proteins like syntrophin and dystrophin itself. These proteins collectively anchor the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix, providing mechanical support and facilitating signaling pathways.
Mutations in DAPC components are linked to muscular dystrophies and cardiomyopathies. DBT antibodies are essential tools for studying dystrobrevin's role in these conditions, as they enable detection of protein expression, localization, and post-translational modifications via techniques like Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. Researchers also use DBT antibodies to investigate dystrobrevin's involvement in cellular processes such as nitric oxide signaling, synapse organization, and mechanotransduction.
In disease models (e.g., mdx mice), altered dystrobrevin expression correlates with pathology severity, highlighting its diagnostic and therapeutic relevance. Additionally, β-dystrobrevin, enriched in non-muscle tissues like brain and lung, is studied for roles in neurodevelopment and cancer. Commercial DBT antibodies are typically raised against specific epitopes (e.g., C-terminal regions) and validated for cross-reactivity across species. Ongoing research aims to refine antibody specificity and explore dystrobrevin as a biomarker or therapeutic target in neuromuscular disorders.