The IL1RAPL2 (Interleukin 1 Receptor Accessory Protein-Like 2) antibody targets a protein encoded by the *IL1RAPL2* gene, located on the X chromosome. This gene is part of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor family, which plays roles in immune regulation and neurodevelopment. IL1RAPL2 is a transmembrane protein structurally similar to IL-1 receptor accessory proteins but lacks a Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain, suggesting distinct signaling mechanisms. It is predominantly expressed in the brain, particularly in neurons, and is implicated in synaptic plasticity, neurite outgrowth, and neuronal connectivity. Mutations or deletions in *IL1RAPL2* are associated with X-linked intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders, and neurodevelopmental delays, highlighting its critical role in cognitive function.
Antibodies against IL1RAPL2 are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and interactions. They enable researchers to investigate its role in neurodevelopmental pathways, including its potential modulation of cell adhesion molecules or intracellular signaling cascades. Commercial IL1RAPL2 antibodies are typically validated for applications like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, or immunofluorescence. However, challenges persist in ensuring specificity due to homology with other IL-1 receptor family members. Recent studies using these antibodies have shed light on IL1RAPL2’s involvement in dendritic spine formation and its crosstalk with postsynaptic density proteins, offering insights into therapeutic targets for neurodevelopmental disorders.