The KCNK18 antibody targets the KCNK18 protein, encoded by the KCNK18 gene, which belongs to the two-pore domain potassium (K2P) channel family. KCNK18. also known as TRESK, regulates neuronal excitability by mediating background potassium currents, thereby influencing membrane potential and action potential firing. It is predominantly expressed in sensory neurons, particularly in the trigeminal ganglion, and has been implicated in pain signaling and migraine pathophysiology. Mutations in KCNK18. such as the F139WfsX2 truncation variant, are linked to familial migraine syndromes, including familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM), highlighting its role in neuronal hyperexcitability.
KCNK18 antibodies are widely used in research to study channel expression, localization, and function in neurological tissues. They enable detection of TRESK via techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. Such antibodies have been critical in exploring TRESK's interaction with calcium signaling pathways and its modulation by neurotransmitters or therapeutic agents. Dysregulation of KCNK18 is also associated with neuropathic pain and mood disorders, making it a potential biomarker or therapeutic target. Research using KCNK18 antibodies continues to advance understanding of migraine mechanisms and ion channel-related diseases, with implications for developing targeted therapies.