The RELA antibody targets the RELA protein, also known as p65. a critical subunit of the NF-κB transcription factor family. NF-κB regulates genes involved in inflammation, immune response, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. RELA, in particular, is activated by diverse stimuli, including cytokines, pathogens, and stress signals, through the canonical NF-κB pathway. Upon activation, RELA is released from inhibitory IκB proteins, translocates to the nucleus, and drives the transcription of target genes.
RELA antibodies are widely used in research to study NF-κB signaling dynamics. They enable the detection of RELA expression, phosphorylation status, and subcellular localization via techniques like Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry. Additionally, RELA-specific antibodies are employed in chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) to identify DNA-binding sites, elucidating its role in gene regulation.
Dysregulation of RELA is linked to chronic inflammation, cancer, autoimmune diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. Researchers use these antibodies to explore therapeutic strategies targeting NF-κB activity. Specificity and validation are critical, as cross-reactivity with other NF-κB subunits (e.g., RELB or c-REL) can compromise data accuracy. Overall, RELA antibodies are indispensable tools for unraveling NF-κB biology and its implications in health and disease.