The KRT2 antibody is a research tool designed to detect keratin 2 (KRT2), a type II intermediate filament protein encoded by the *KRT2* gene. Keratins are crucial structural components of epithelial cells, forming networks that maintain cellular integrity and mechanical resilience. KRT2 is primarily expressed in the suprabasal layers of stratified epithelia, particularly in the skin's epidermis, where it contributes to terminal differentiation and barrier function. It is often co-expressed with other keratins, such as KRT1 and KRT10. to form heterodimers essential for epidermal stability.
KRT2 antibodies are widely used in immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), and Western blotting to study keratinocyte differentiation, skin development, and pathological conditions like psoriasis, ichthyosis, or skin cancers. Dysregulation of KRT2 has been linked to hyperproliferative skin disorders, making it a biomarker of interest in dermatopathology. These antibodies help identify abnormal keratin expression patterns, aiding in disease diagnosis and mechanistic research.
Commercial KRT2 antibodies are typically raised in rabbits or mice using recombinant protein fragments or synthetic peptides. Validation includes specificity testing via knockout controls and cross-reactivity assessments. Researchers prioritize antibodies with high affinity and minimal cross-reactivity to other keratins due to the structural homology within the keratin family. Overall, KRT2 antibodies are indispensable for exploring epithelial biology and associated diseases.