The P2RY11 antibody is a research tool designed to detect and study the P2Y receptor family member 11 (P2RY11), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) activated by extracellular nucleotides like ATP and ADP. P2RY11 is implicated in diverse physiological processes, including immune regulation, apoptosis, and cellular metabolism. It is selectively expressed in immune cells, such as dendritic cells, monocytes, and certain T-cell subsets, where it modulates inflammatory responses and immune homeostasis via intracellular signaling pathways (e.g., cAMP and Ca²⁺). Dysregulation of P2RY11 has been linked to autoimmune diseases, cancer progression, and neurodegenerative disorders, making it a potential therapeutic target.
The P2RY11 antibody is critical for applications like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry to visualize receptor localization, expression levels, and functional interactions. Challenges in developing specific P2RY11 antibodies arise from structural homology within the P2Y receptor family, requiring rigorous validation to avoid cross-reactivity. Recent studies highlight its role in cancer immunology, particularly in regulating tumor-associated macrophages and T-cell exhaustion. Commercial antibodies are typically raised against extracellular or intracellular epitopes, with host species including rabbit, mouse, or goat. Researchers prioritize antibodies validated for selectivity, sensitivity, and reproducibility to ensure reliable data in both basic and translational studies exploring P2RY11's pathophysiological roles.