The OPRL1 (Opioid Receptor-Like 1) antibody targets the OPRL1 receptor, also known as the nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor (NOP), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) belonging to the opioid receptor family. Discovered in the mid-1990s, OPRL1 shares structural homology with classical opioid receptors (μ, δ, κ) but does not bind traditional opioid ligands. Instead, it selectively interacts with nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ), an endogenous neuropeptide involved in modulating pain, anxiety, stress responses, and reward pathways.
OPRL1 plays a critical role in central and peripheral nervous system functions, influencing behaviors like addiction, mood regulation, and pain perception. Its dysregulation is linked to neurological disorders, chronic pain, and substance abuse. Antibodies against OPRL1 are essential tools for studying receptor expression, localization, and signaling mechanisms. They enable detection in tissues or cell lines via techniques like Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry, aiding research into receptor trafficking, ligand interactions, and downstream effectors.
Developing specific OPRL1 antibodies has advanced drug discovery, particularly for non-opioid analgesics and therapies targeting addiction or mood disorders. Challenges include ensuring selectivity due to structural similarities with other opioid receptors. Validated antibodies contribute to understanding OPRL1's pathophysiological roles and its potential as a therapeutic target.