**Background of THBS1 Antibody**
Thrombospondin-1 (THBS1), encoded by the *THBS1* gene, is a multifunctional extracellular matrix glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion, angiogenesis, immune regulation, and tissue remodeling. It interacts with receptors, cytokines, and growth factors (e.g., TGF-β, CD36. CD47) to modulate signaling pathways. THBS1 is implicated in pathologies like cancer, atherosclerosis, fibrosis, and diabetic complications, where it often exhibits dual roles—either promoting or inhibiting disease progression depending on context.
THBS1 antibodies are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and function. These antibodies are generated using immunogenic peptides or recombinant THBS1 protein, available as monoclonal or polyclonal forms. Monoclonal antibodies offer high specificity, while polyclonal antibodies may detect multiple epitopes. They are widely used in techniques such as Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), ELISA, and flow cytometry to analyze THBS1 in tissues, cells, or biological fluids.
In research, THBS1 antibodies help elucidate its role in tumor suppression (e.g., anti-angiogenic effects) or disease exacerbation (e.g., promoting fibrosis). They also serve as potential biomarkers for cancer prognosis or therapeutic targeting. Commercial THBS1 antibodies are often validated for cross-reactivity across species (human, mouse, rat) and applications. However, variability in experimental outcomes may arise due to post-translational modifications or isoform-specific epitopes, emphasizing the need for rigorous validation.
Overall, THBS1 antibodies are pivotal in advancing mechanistic insights into THBS1-related pathways and their translational applications.