The ADAP2 (ArfGAP with Dual PH Domains 2) antibody is a research tool used to study the ADAP2 protein, a regulator of ADP-ribosylation factors (Arfs) involved in intracellular trafficking, cytoskeletal reorganization, and signal transduction. ADAP2 contains an N-terminal ArfGAP domain, which inactivates Arfs by promoting GTP hydrolysis, and two C-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domains that bind phosphoinositides, enabling membrane association. This protein plays roles in cell migration, endocytosis, and immune responses, with emerging links to neurological disorders, cancer, and viral infection pathways (e.g., enterovirus replication).
ADAP2 antibodies are primarily polyclonal or monoclonal reagents generated against specific epitopes of human or murine ADAP2. They enable detection and localization of ADAP2 via techniques like Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry. Studies using these antibodies have revealed ADAP2's involvement in regulating dendritic spine morphology, modulating innate immunity, and influencing cancer cell invasiveness. Recent research also highlights its role as a genetic risk factor in autism spectrum disorders and its interaction with viral proteins. Validation of ADAP2 antibodies typically includes knockout controls and functional assays to confirm specificity, given overlapping functions with homologous proteins like ADAP1. These tools remain critical for elucidating ADAP2's complex roles in health and disease.