The CYB5R1 antibody targets cytochrome b5 reductase 1 (CYB5R1), a member of the NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase family. This enzyme plays a critical role in electron transfer, catalyzing the reduction of cytochrome b5 using NADH as an electron donor. CYB5R1 is involved in diverse metabolic processes, including lipid metabolism, drug detoxification, and methemoglobin reduction. It is ubiquitously expressed, with high levels in the liver, erythrocytes, and endoplasmic reticulum.
CYB5R1 antibodies are widely used in research to study the enzyme's expression, localization, and function. They enable detection of CYB5R1 in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. Such studies have linked CYB5R1 deficiencies to hereditary methemoglobinemia, a disorder characterized by impaired oxygen transport. Additionally, CYB5R1 dysregulation has been implicated in cancer progression, lipid disorders, and oxidative stress responses.
Most CYB5R1 antibodies are raised against recombinant protein fragments or synthetic peptides, yielding polyclonal or monoclonal variants. Their specificity is validated through knockout controls or siRNA knockdown. Cross-reactivity with homologs (e.g., CYB5R3) must be assessed due to structural similarities. Commercial antibodies often provide data on species reactivity (human, mouse, rat) and recommended applications. Ongoing research leverages these tools to explore CYB5R1's therapeutic potential in metabolic and redox-related diseases.