**Background of EIF1AX Antibody**
EIF1AX (Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 1A, X-linked) is a gene encoding a critical component of the eukaryotic translation initiation complex. The EIF1AX protein facilitates ribosome assembly and scanning of mRNA during the initiation phase of protein synthesis. Mutations in EIF1AX, particularly in its N-terminal domain, have been implicated in various cancers, including thyroid carcinoma, melanoma, and uveal melanoma, often co-occurring with RAS or NF2 pathway alterations.
EIF1AX-specific antibodies are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and functional roles in both normal and pathological contexts. These antibodies enable detection of EIF1AX in immunoassays (e.g., Western blot, immunohistochemistry) and are used to explore its interaction partners or post-translational modifications. Research utilizing EIF1AX antibodies has revealed its potential as a biomarker in cancer diagnostics, particularly in thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology, where EIF1AX mutations correlate with malignancy risk. Additionally, studies highlight its role in modulating cellular stress responses and apoptosis.
Commercially available EIF1AX antibodies are typically validated for specificity across species (human, mouse, rat) and applications. However, variability in antibody performance underscores the need for rigorous validation in experimental systems. Ongoing research aims to clarify EIF1AX's mechanistic contributions to oncogenesis and its therapeutic potential as a target.