CXorf49 (chromosome X open reading frame 49) is a gene located on the X chromosome, encoding a protein with incompletely characterized biological functions. Initially identified through genomic sequencing, CXorf49 has drawn attention due to its potential role in immune regulation and disease associations. The CXorf49 protein contains a conserved DUF4767 domain, suggesting possible involvement in protein-protein interactions, though its precise molecular mechanisms remain under investigation.
CXorf49 antibodies are immunological tools developed to detect and study the expression, localization, and function of the CXorf49 protein. These antibodies have been particularly useful in cancer research, as elevated CXorf49 expression has been reported in melanoma and other malignancies. Studies indicate its potential linkage to immune cell signaling pathways, with some evidence implicating CXorf49 in modulating natural killer (NK) cell activity through interactions with the immunoregulatory receptor CD48.
Commercial CXorf49 antibodies are typically produced in rabbits or mice using peptide immunogens derived from the protein's unique sequences. Validation often includes Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. However, research challenges persist, including inconsistent reports about its tissue-specific expression patterns and conflicting data regarding its pro- or anti-tumor effects. Recent interest has emerged in exploring CXorf49 as a biomarker or therapeutic target, particularly in gender-specific disease contexts due to its X-chromosome localization. Ongoing studies aim to clarify its physiological roles and pathological relevance across different cancer types and immune-related conditions.