The PRR4 (Proline-Rich Protein 4) antibody is a research tool designed to detect and study the PRR4 protein, a small secretory protein predominantly expressed in salivary and lacrimal glands. PRR4. also known as "parotid secretory protein," is enriched in proline residues and plays a role in maintaining oral and ocular surface homeostasis. It is a component of saliva and tears, contributing to mucosal immunity, lubrication, and microbial defense. PRR4 is thought to interact with other proteins, such as mucins, to form protective barriers against pathogens and mechanical stress.
Research on PRR4 has focused on its potential involvement in salivary gland function and related pathologies. For example, altered PRR4 expression has been linked to Sjögren's syndrome, an autoimmune disorder characterized by dry mouth and eyes, suggesting its role as a biomarker or therapeutic target. Antibodies against PRR4 enable the detection of its expression patterns in tissues and bodily fluids, aiding studies on glandular secretion mechanisms, disease pathogenesis, and diagnostic applications. These antibodies are typically validated for techniques like immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and ELISA. Recent studies also explore PRR4's possible connections to cancer, particularly in salivary gland tumors. Despite progress, the precise molecular functions of PRR4 and its clinical relevance remain under investigation, highlighting the importance of high-specificity antibodies in advancing this field.