The NDUFS2 antibody is a crucial tool in studying mitochondrial complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase), a key component of the electron transport chain. NDUFS2 (NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2) is a nuclear-encoded subunit of complex I, essential for its assembly and catalytic activity. It contains iron-sulfur clusters critical for electron transfer during oxidative phosphorylation. Mutations in the NDUFS2 gene are linked to mitochondrial disorders, such as Leigh syndrome, characterized by neurodegeneration and energy deficiency.
Researchers use NDUFS2 antibodies to investigate protein expression, localization, and complex I integrity in diseases like mitochondrial encephalopathies, Parkinson’s disease, and cancer. These antibodies are typically validated in applications like Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry to assess tissue-specific expression or pathological changes. They also aid in studying cellular responses to oxidative stress, metabolic adaptations, and therapeutic interventions targeting mitochondrial dysfunction.
Commercial NDUFS2 antibodies are often raised in rabbits or mice against synthetic peptides or recombinant protein fragments. Specificity is confirmed via knockout controls or siRNA knockdown. Proper validation ensures reliability in differentiating NDUFS2 from homologous proteins. As mitochondrial research expands, NDUFS2 antibodies remain vital for unraveling the molecular mechanisms of energy metabolism and disease pathogenesis.