The CHST2 antibody targets carbohydrate sulfotransferase 2 (CHST2), a Golgi-resident enzyme critical for catalyzing the transfer of sulfate groups to carbohydrate moieties, particularly chondroitin sulfate (CS). CHST2 specifically sulfates the C-6 position of N-acetylgalactosamine in CS chains, influencing extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, cell signaling, and interactions. CHST2 is implicated in diverse biological processes, including cell adhesion, migration, and tissue development. Dysregulation of CHST2 expression has been linked to pathologies such as cancer progression, osteoarthritis, and inflammatory disorders.
Antibodies against CHST2 are essential tools for studying its expression patterns, subcellular localization, and functional roles in disease models. They are widely used in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence to analyze CHST2 protein levels in tissues or cultured cells. Research highlights CHST2's role in tumor invasiveness (e.g., colorectal cancer, glioblastoma) by modulating ECM remodeling and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In osteoarthritis, CHST2-mediated sulfation impacts cartilage integrity and degradation.
Structurally, CHST2 contains conserved sulfotransferase domains critical for substrate binding. Antibodies often recognize epitopes within these functional regions, enabling mechanistic studies. The development of CHST2-specific antibodies supports translational research, offering potential as biomarkers or therapeutic targets in diseases driven by aberrant sulfation or ECM dysregulation.