The CYSLTR2 antibody targets the Cysteinyl Leukotriene Receptor 2 (CysLT2R), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that binds cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs), such as LTE4. LTC4. and LTD4. These lipid mediators are critical in inflammatory and allergic responses, influencing processes like bronchoconstriction, vascular permeability, and immune cell recruitment. Unlike CysLT1R, which is well-characterized in asthma, CysLT2R has broader tissue expression, including vascular endothelium, smooth muscle, and the central nervous system, suggesting roles beyond classical inflammation, such as in cardiovascular diseases, fibrosis, and cancer.
CysLT2R activation triggers signaling pathways like Ca²⁺ mobilization, MAPK/ERK, and NF-κB, modulating cellular proliferation, apoptosis, and cytokine release. Its dual pro- and anti-inflammatory effects depend on cellular context. CYSLTR2 antibodies are vital tools for studying receptor localization, expression levels, and function in disease models. They enable immunohistochemical detection, Western blotting, and flow cytometry, aiding research on CysLT2R's role in pathologies like atherosclerosis, tumor angiogenesis, or neuroinflammation. Therapeutic potential is also explored, as aberrant CysLT2R signaling is linked to chronic inflammatory disorders and cancer progression. However, its complex biology necessitates further research to clarify mechanistic nuances and validate clinical applications.