GPR63 (G protein-coupled receptor 63) is an orphan receptor belonging to the rhodopsin-like family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). It shares structural homology with other lipid-sensing GPCRs, though its endogenous ligand remains unidentified. GPR63 is expressed in various tissues, including the brain, lungs, kidneys, and skeletal system, suggesting roles in neurodevelopment, metabolic regulation, and bone formation. However, its precise physiological functions and signaling mechanisms are poorly understood, partly due to limited research tools.
GPR63 antibodies are essential reagents for studying its expression, localization, and molecular interactions. They are commonly used in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry to map tissue distribution or assess protein levels in disease models. Some studies link GPR63 to pathologies such as osteoporosis, cancer, and neurological disorders, driving interest in therapeutic targeting. Challenges in GPR63 research include potential cross-reactivity with related GPCRs due to sequence similarities, underscoring the need for antibody validation via knockout controls.
Recent advances in antibody development, including monoclonal and phospho-specific variants, have improved detection specificity. These tools enable exploration of GPR63’s signaling pathways, such as coupling to Gαs or Gαq proteins, and its interactions with intracellular partners. Further research using validated antibodies may clarify GPR63’s role in cellular processes and its potential as a biomarker or drug target.