C1QTNF1 (C1q and tumor necrosis factor-related protein 1), also known as CTRP1. is a secreted glycoprotein belonging to the C1q/TNF superfamily. It shares structural homology with adiponectin and plays roles in energy metabolism, inflammation, and tissue remodeling. The protein contains a conserved C-terminal C1q domain and N-terminal collagen-like regions, enabling multimer formation and interaction with receptors or extracellular components. C1QTNF1 is expressed in adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and vascular cells, influencing insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism, and endothelial function through AMPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.
Antibodies targeting C1QTNF1 are essential tools for investigating its physiological roles and disease associations. They enable protein detection in biological samples (e.g., via Western blotting, ELISA, or immunohistochemistry) and functional studies through neutralization or receptor interaction blocking. Research using these antibodies has linked C1QTNF1 to metabolic disorders (obesity, diabetes), cardiovascular diseases (atherosclerosis, hypertension), and cancer progression. Some studies suggest its dual role as both pro-inflammatory and metabolic regulator, highlighting context-dependent functions. Commercial antibodies are typically validated for specificity against human/mouse C1QTNF1 isoforms. Recent interest focuses on its therapeutic potential, with antibodies being explored for diagnostic biomarker development or targeted treatment strategies in metabolic syndromes.