The GLB1 antibody targets β-galactosidase, a lysosomal enzyme encoded by the GLB1 gene. This enzyme hydrolyzes β-galactosyl residues from glycoproteins, glycolipids, and glycosaminoglycans, playing a critical role in cellular metabolism. Deficiencies in GLB1 activity are linked to two lysosomal storage disorders: GM1 gangliosidosis, characterized by progressive neurodegeneration, and Morquio B syndrome, primarily affecting skeletal development. GLB1 antibodies are essential tools in biomedical research, enabling the detection and quantification of β-galactosidase expression in tissues or cells via techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. They are also used to study lysosomal dysfunction, substrate accumulation, and disease mechanisms in cellular or animal models. Additionally, GLB1 antibodies aid in differentiating between lysosomal β-galactosidase and the senescence-associated isoform (SA-β-gal), a biomarker for aging and stressed cells. Recent studies explore GLB1's role beyond lysosomal degradation, including its involvement in extracellular matrix remodeling and immune regulation. Commercially available antibodies vary in clonality (monoclonal/polyclonal) and host species, requiring validation for specificity across applications. Research leveraging GLB1 antibodies contributes to therapeutic development, such as enzyme replacement therapies or gene-editing approaches for GLB1-related disorders. Their utility extends to diagnostic workflows for confirming suspected cases of GM1 gangliosidosis or Morquio B syndrome through enzymatic activity assays. (Word count: 247)