Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API), popularly speaking, are the raw materials of medicines, only pharmaceutical raw materials are processed into pharmaceutical preparations , can they become medicines available for clinical use, so drugs we usually eat are the finished drugs through processing. Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients based on its sources can be divided into two major categories ,including chemical synthetic drugs and natural chemical drugs. Chemical synthetic drugs can be divided into organic synthetic drugs and inorganic synthetic drugs. Inorganic synthetic drugs are inorganic compounds ( very few is element), such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium trisilicate which are used for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers ; organic synthetic drugs are mainly composed of drugs made by basic organic chemical raw materials, through a series of organic chemical reactions (such as aspirin, chloramphenicol, caffeine, etc.). Natural chemical drugs ,based on its sources,can be divided into two categories including biochemical drugs and plant chemical drugs. Antibiotics are generally made by the microbial fermentation, which belongs to the biochemistry category. A variety of semi-synthetic antibiotics occurs in recent years,which are biosynthesis and chemical synthesis combining products.Among active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, the organic synthetic drugs varieties, yields and values have the largest proportion,which are the main pillars of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The quality of active Pharmaceutical Ingredients decides whether the formulation is good or bad , so its quality standards are very strict ,countries in the world have developed national pharmacopoeia standards and strict quality control methods for its widely used active Pharmaceutical ingredients.
Idoxuridine: Antiviral Activity, Applications, and Limitations
Idoxuridine acts against HSV topically but has systemic toxicity; it's replaced by newer drugs, with limited efficacy in genital herpes.
Aug 13,2025 APIN-Acetyl Carnosine: Supplement with Antioxidant Properties and Ocular Applications
N-Acetyl carnosine, a stable form of L-carnosine, used in eye drops to potentially improve vision, with studies on age-related cataracts showing mixed evidence.
Aug 8,2025 APICisatracurium Besylate: Neuromuscular Blocker with Therapeutic and Antimicrobial Roles
Cisatracurium besylate aids anesthesia/ventilation via Hofmann elimination, shows anti-TB effects by inhibiting macrophage necroptosis.
Aug 6,2025 APIMetonitazene: A Potent Novel Opioid with Toxicological and Metabolic Insights
Metonitazene, a potent novel opioid, causes deaths, undergoes N/O-dealkylation, with metabolites aiding toxicological detection.
Aug 4,2025 APIWhat are the indications and adverse reactions of Pazopanib?
Pazopanib is indicated for the first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma or for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma who have received prior cytokine therapy.
Jul 30,2025 APINintedanib:Class, Uses, Synthesis, Mechanism of Action and Toxicity
Nintedanib was initially approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2014 as a treatment for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
Jul 30,2025 APIAre erlotinib and gefitinib interchangeable for non-small cell lung cancer treatment?
Depends on the circumstances. Gefitinib and erlotinib are both orally active EGFR TKIs but with different structure, which means different affinity with their receptor.
Jul 30,2025 APIAbemaciclib:Drug class, Brand name, Uses and Diet recommendations
Abemaciclib blocks proteins known as CDK (cyclin dependent kinase) 4 and 6. When activity of CDK 4 and 6 is increased, there is a loss of cell cycle control that leads to increased cell growth and div
Jul 30,2025 APICinacalcet:Brand name, Uses, Pharmacokinetics and Precautions
Cinacalcet is a calcimimetic agent that increases the sensitivity of the calcium-sensing receptor to activation by extracellular calcium.
Jul 30,2025 APISorafenib: An Important Option for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)
Sorafenib (Nexavar) was approved in the EU and the USA for use in HCC in 2007, and remains the only systemic agent approved for use in this indication.
Jul 30,2025 API