异甜菊醇性质、用途与生产工艺
Isosteviol ((-)-Isosteviol) 是一种甜菊糖苷衍生物，是甜菊糖苷通过酸催化水解产生的。Isosteviol 抑制 DNA 聚合酶和 DNA 拓扑异构酶，并具有抗菌，抗癌和抗结核作用。
Isosteviol ((-)-Isosteviol) dose-dependently relaxed the vasopressin (10
-8
M)-induced vasoconstriction in isolated aortic rings with or without endothelium. However, in the presence of potassium chloride (3×10
-2
M), the vasodilator effect of isosteviol on arterial strips disappeared. Only the inhibitors specific for the ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel or small conductance calcium-activated potassium (SKCa) channel inhibited the vasodilator effect of isosteviol in isolated aortic rings contracted with 10
-8
M vasopressin.
The attenuation by isosteviol of the vasopressin- and phenylephrine-induced increase in [Ca
2+
]i was inhibited by glibenclamide, apamin and 4-aminopyridine but not by charybdotoxin. Furthermore, the inhibitory action of isosteviol on [Ca
2+
]i was blocked when A7r5 cells co-treated with glibenclamide and apamin in conjunction with 4-aminopyridine were present.
Isosteviol (1-100 micromol/l) inhibits angiotensin-II-induced DNA synthesis and endothelin-1 secretion. Measurements of 2'7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate, a redox-sensitive fluorescent dye, showed an isosteviol-mediated inhibition of intracellular reactive oxygen species generated by the effects of angiotensin II.
化学性质
白色结晶，可溶于甲醇、乙醇、DMSO等有机溶剂，来源于甜菊（Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni）又名甜叶菊、甜草。
用途
异甜菊醇具有抗高血压、降低血糖、抑制癌细胞的作用。
用途
用于含量测定/鉴定/药理实验等
生产方法
以(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-(羟甲基)四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基((4R,4aS,6aR,9S,11aR,11bS)-9-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-二羟基-6-(羟甲基)-3-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-(羟甲基)四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)氧基)四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)氧基-4,11b-二甲基-8-亚甲基十四氢-6a,9-甲基环庚[a]萘-4-羧酸酯为原料，通过10％硫酸水解反应，合成了Ent-16-氧代吡喃-19-酸。反应条件为常规水解条件，无需额外催化剂或特殊温度控制。产物经纯化后，收率为93％，熔点为228.4-230.8℃。通过IR、1H NMR、13C NMR和HRMS对产物进行了结构确认。IR谱显示特征吸收峰位于3448, 2955, 2924, 2848, 1736, 1692, 1453, 1404, 1373, 1320, 1268, 1214, 1180, 1150, 1108, 973, 950, 796, 589 cm-1。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 2.64 (dd, J = 18.64, 3.76 Hz, 1H), 2.17 (d, J = 13.40 Hz, 1H), 1.90-1.37 (m, 13H), 1.25 (s, 3H), 1.22-1.14 (m, 3H), 1.06-1.03 (m, 1H), 0.98 (s, 3H), 0.95-0.88 (m, 1H), 0.78 (s, 3H)。13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 224.22, 184.33, 56.79, 57.62, 56.09, 54.83, 49.73, 49.59, 44.38, 42.02, 40.42, 38.99, 38.34, 32.80, 29.69, 22.32, 20.57, 19.55, 14.04。HRMS (ESI) m/z: [M + Na]+ 计算值C20H30O3Na 341.2093，实测值341.2085。
参考文献：
[1] Chemistry and Biodiversity, 2013, vol. 10, # 2, p. 177 - 188
[2] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 1997, vol. 7, # 19, p. 2485 - 2490
[3] European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2016, vol. 115, p. 26 - 40
[4] Journal of Chemical Crystallography, 2009, vol. 39, # 2, p. 108 - 111
[5] Journal of Chemical Crystallography, 2011, vol. 41, # 4, p. 519 - 522
异甜菊醇
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