Copper(II) phthalocyanine

Description

Copper(II) phthalocyanine, known as CuPc, has been used as an electron donorwith fullerene-C60 or phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) in vacuum-deposited organic photovoltaics (OPV).Power conversion efficiency of about 1% has been achieved [2] and improved efficiency of 4% with pentacene-doped CuPc layer . CuPc has also been used as a hole-injection material for light-emitting diodes. It has been reported that a thin CuPc layer may effectively enhance the hole injection from the anode to the emissive-polymer layer, resulting in a dramatic decrease of operating voltage of the device . Device stability was achieved bydepositing a copper phthalocyanine CuPc hole-injection layerHIL on the ITO anode.

Chemical Properties

dark blue fine crystalline powder

Uses

Copper(II) phthalocyanine are involved in the study of photosensitizer chemistry for uniform polymerization, luminescence chemistry and spectrophotometric analysis, organic synthesis and polymerization. This pigment is used in enamels, linoleum, inks, plastics, and rubber goods. Photoisomerizable phthalocyanines are used in rewritable CD or DVD printing.Other applications in organic solar cells, biosensitizers and display devices such as OLED , OTFT, Wearable Display, and e-paper.

Application

Copper(II) phthalocyanine, known as CuPc, has been used as an electron donor with fullerene-C60 or phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) in vacuum-deposited organic photovoltaics (OPV). Power conversion efficiency of about 1% has been achieved [2] and improved efficiency of 4% with pentacene-doped CuPc layer.
CuPc has also been used as a hole-injection material for light-emitting diodes. It has been reported that a thin CuPc layer may effectively enhance the hole injection from the anode to the emissive-polymer layer, resulting in a dramatic decrease of operating voltage of the device. Device stability was achieved by depositing a copper phthalocyanine CuPc hole-injection layer HIL on the ITO anode. The improved stability could be contributed to the good match of its highest-occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level to the work function of ITO, and the improved wetting property of organic materials on ITO. Moreover, CuPc has very weak absorption of light, with wavelengths from 400 to 500 nm, making it suitable for use in blue and green OLEDs.
Effective electron-blocking was also observed for inorganic–organic hybrid perovskite solar cells when CuPc-doped spiro-OMeTAD was used as the hole-transporting layer.

General Description

Copper(II) phthalocynaine (CuPc) is a metal phthalocyanine dye that acts as a p-type semiconductor. It has a charge mobility of 10^-4 cm²/Vs. It forms a chemically stable thin film that exhibits photoconductivity and catalytic activity.

Flammability and Explosibility

Not classified

Purification Methods

Precipitate it twice from conc H2SO4 by slow dilution with water. It has also been purified by two or three sublimations at 580o in an argon flow at 300-400Pa. [Beilstein 26 III/IV 4256.]

Properties and Applications

Toxics Screening Level

The initial threshold screening level (ITSL) for phthalocyanine blue is 21 μg/m3 (annual average).