1-デカノール 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色～ほとんど無色, 澄明の液体
定義
本品は、次の化学式で表される脂肪族アルコールである。
溶解性
水に難溶。殆どすべての有機溶媒に可溶。エタノール及びアセトンに極めて溶けやすく、水に溶けにくい。
解説
① CH
3(CH
2)
9OH．別名1-デカノール．やし油の成分脂肪酸デカン酸を水素で還元して得られる．② 炭素原子数10のアルコールC
10H
21OHの異性体混合物．工業的には，プロピレン三量体オレフィンのオキソ反応で得られたアルデヒドを水素化して得られる通称イソデカノールが重要で，ポリ(塩化ビニル)用可塑剤の製造原料として用いられる．
用途
可塑剤原料,潤滑剤,界面活性剤,農薬(植物成長阻害剤)
化粧品の成分用途
非水系増粘剤、起泡剤、親水性増粘剤、香料
展望
デカノールの需用は特に化粧品やパーソナルケア製品の市場の成長に伴い今後も増加すると予想されますさらに持続可能な生産方法への関心の高まりはバイオベースの原料からデカノールを製造する技術の発展を促していますこのようなイノベーションは化学産業全体の環境への影響を減少させより持続可能な未来に貢献する可能性を秘めています
化学的特性
デカノールは一般的に脂肪アルコールの一種として知られています化学式はC10H22Oで表され10個の炭素原子を持つ長鎖の構造を持っていますこの物質はその滑らかでクリーミーな性質から化粧品や洗剤の製造に広く使用されています
化学的特性
1-Decanol is a clear colorless to slightly yellow liquid and has a floral odor resembling orange flowers and a slight, characteristic fatty taste. The threshold odor concentration in air for decyl alcohol (isomer not specified) was reportedly 6.3 ppb. soluble in glacial acetic acid, ethanol, benzene, petroleum ether, easily soluble in ether.
天然物の起源
Reported in the essential oils of ambrette seeds and almond flowers; also in citrus oils, fermented beverages,
apple juice, bilberry, American cranberry, papaya, raspberry, cheeses, milk, butter, beef, pork, beer, cognac, whiskey, red, white and
sparkling wines, coriander seeds and cardamom.
使用
1-Decanol is a long chain alcohol that has been seen to enhance homomeric glycine receptor function. In addition, the 5HT2α receptors were inhibited by the presence of 1-decanol. This action has many psychological repercussions on an individual. 1-Decanol is also used in the manufacture of plasticizers, synthetic lubricants, petroleum additives, herbicides, surface active agents, solvents. Has moderate antifoaming capacity.
定義
ChEBI: 1-Decanol is a fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at C-1 of an unbranched saturated chain of ten carbon atoms. It has a role as a metabolite and a protic solvent. It is a primary alcohol and a fatty alcohol.
調製方法
1-Decanol is prepared commercially by sodium reduction or
by the high-pressure catalytic reduction of coconut oil,
coconut fatty acids, or esters . It is also produced
by the Ziegler process, which involves oxidation of trialkylaluminum
compounds.
製造方法
By sodium reduction or high-pressure catalytic hydrogenation of the esters of naturally occurring capric acid, or by oligomerization of ethylene using aluminium alkyl technology.
主な応用
decyl alcohol can be used for any number of functions, including as an emollient, a foam-booster, a surfactant and a viscosity controller, as well to mask odor and as a fixative in perfumes. Decyl alcohol occurs naturally in sweet orange and ambrette seed. It is also derived commercially from liquid paraffin.
安全性
デカノールは生分解性が高く自然環境において比較的迅速に分解されるため環境への影響は最小限に抑えられますしかし大量に環境に放出された場合水生生物に悪影響を与える可能性があるため使用と処理には注意が必要です安全性に関してはデカノールは一般に低毒性であり適切に取り扱うことで人体に対するリスクを最小限に抑えることができます
一般的な説明
A clear colorless liquid with a sweet fat-like odor. Flash point 180°F. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air.
空気と水の反応
Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
Decyl alcohol attacks plastics. REF [Handling Chemicals Safely, 1980. p. 236]. Acetyl bromide reacts violently with alcohols or water, [Merck 11th ed., 1989]. Mixtures of alcohols with concentrated sulfuric acid and strong hydrogen peroxide can cause explosions. Example: An explosion will occur if dimethylbenzylcarbinol is added to 90% hydrogen peroxide then acidified with concentrated sulfuric acid. Mixtures of ethyl alcohol with concentrated hydrogen peroxide form powerful explosives. Mixtures of hydrogen peroxide and 1-phenyl-2-methyl propyl alcohol tend to explode if acidified with 70% sulfuric acid, [Chem. Eng. News 45(43):73(1967); J, Org. Chem. 28:1893(1963)]. Alkyl hypochlorites are violently explosive. They are readily obtained by reacting hypochlorous acid and alcohols either in aqueous solution or mixed aqueous-carbon tetrachloride solutions. Chlorine plus alcohols would similarly yield alkyl hypochlorites. They decompose in the cold and explode on exposure to sunlight or heat. Tertiary hypochlorites are less unstable than secondary or primary hypochlorites, [NFPA 491 M, 1991]. Base-catalysed reactions of isocyanates with alcohols should be carried out in inert solvents. Such reactions in the absence of solvents often occur with explosive violence, [Wischmeyer(1969)].
健康ハザード
Direct contact can produce eye irritation; low general toxicity.
火災危険
HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.
作用机制
接触作用を有する
生産方法
デカノールは主に脂肪酸の還元や炭化水素の酸化によって工業的に生産されますこれらのプロセスは環境に配慮した方法で行われることが多く持続可能な生産方法の開発に向けた研究も進められています
化学性质
デカノールは常温では白色の固体であり特有の軽い臭いを持っています沸点は約230℃であり水にはほとんど溶けませんがアルコールやエーテルといった有機溶剤には良く溶けますこの物質は比較的高い融点を持っているため多くの場合液体の形で使用されることが一般的です
化学反応性
Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.
安全性プロファイル
Moderately toxic by
skin contact. Wdly toxic by ingestion and
inhalation. A severe human skin and eye
irritant. Experimental reproductive effects.
Questionable carcinogen with experimental
tumorigenic data. Combustible when
exposed to heat or flame; can react with
oxidzing materials. To fight fire, use foam,
CO2, dry chemical. When heated to
decomposition it emits acrid smoke and
irritating fumes. See also ALCOHOLS.
概要
デカノールはその多様な用途と環境への優しさから産業界において重要な物質です化粧品や洗剤さらには食品加工といった様々な分野での応用が可能でありその生産方法や環境への影響についても継続的に研究が行われています持続可能な生産技術の開発によりデカノールはこれからも私たちの生活を豊かにし産業界において環境に優しい解決策を提供し続けるでしょう
発がん性
1-Decanol showed weak to
moderate tumor-promoting activity when applied three
times a week for 60 weeks to the skin of female Swiss
mice that previously received an initiating dose of dimethylbenz[
a]anthracene .
代謝
See alcohol C-8.
純化方法
Fractionally distil n-decanol in an all-glass unit at 10mm pressure (b 110o), then fractionally crystallise by partial freezing. Also purify by preparative GLC, and by passage through alumina before use. [Beilstein 1 IV 1815.]
1-デカノール 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品