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Isobutyric acid

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CAS:79-31-2
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CAS:79-31-2
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CAS:79-31-2
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CAS:79-31-2
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  • CAS:79-31-2
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  • 2026-03-20
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Isobutyric acid Basic information
Product Name:Isobutyric acid
Synonyms:Cenex RP b2;dimethylaceticacid;i-Butyricacid;Isobutanoicacid;Isobuttersαure;iso-C3H7COOH;Kyselina isomaselna;isobutyricacid,2-methylpropanoicacid
CAS:79-31-2
MF:C4H8O2
MW:88.11
EINECS:201-195-7
Product Categories:Building Blocks;C1 to C5;Carbonyl Compounds;Carboxylic Acids;Chemical Synthesis;Organic Building Blocks;Artemisia vulgaris;Chamaemelum nobile (Chamomile tea);Lavandula angustifolia (Lavendar tea);Nutrition Research;Panax ginseng;Phytochemicals by Plant (Food/Spice/Herb)
Mol File:79-31-2.mol
Isobutyric acid Structure
Isobutyric acid Chemical Properties
Melting point -47 °C (lit.)
Boiling point 153-154 °C (lit.)
density 0.95 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
vapor density 3.04 (vs air)
vapor pressure 1.5 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index n20/D 1.393(lit.)
FEMA 2222 | ISOBUTYRIC ACID
Fp 132 °F
storage temp. Store below +30°C.
solubility 618g/l
form Liquid
pka4.84(at 20℃)
color Clear colorless
PH3.96(1 mM solution);3.44(10 mM solution);2.93(100 mM solution);
Odorat 1.00 % in propylene glycol. acidic sour cheese dairy buttery rancid
Odor Typeacidic
Odor Threshold0.0015ppm
biological sourcesynthetic
explosive limit1.6-7.3%(V)
Water Solubility 210 g/L (20 ºC)
Specific Heat CapacityCp(liquid): 1.96 J/(g·K), at 25℃
JECFA Number253
Merck 14,5155
BRN 635770
Henry's Law Constant4.6×101 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, Kim and Kim (2016)
Dielectric constant2.6(Ambient)
Major Applicationflavors and fragrances
Cosmetics Ingredients FunctionsBUFFERING
InChI1S/C4H8O2/c1-3(2)4(5)6/h3H,1-2H3,(H,5,6)
InChIKeyKQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILESCC(C)C(O)=O
LogP1.1 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference79-31-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry ReferencePropanoic acid, 2-methyl-(79-31-2)
EPA Substance Registry SystemIsobutyric acid (79-31-2)
CAS Number Unlabeled79-31-2
Safety Information
Hazard Codes Xn
Risk Statements 21/22
Safety Statements 23-36/37/39-24/25
RIDADR UN 2529
WGK Germany 1
RTECS NQ4375000
13
Autoignition Temperature824 °F
TSCA TSCA listed
HazardClass 3
PackingGroup III
HS Code 29156000
Storage Class3 - Flammable liquids
Hazard ClassificationsAcute Tox. 3 Dermal
Acute Tox. 4 Oral
Eye Dam. 1
Flam. Liq. 3
Skin Corr. 1B
Hazardous Substances Data79-31-2(Hazardous Substances Data)
ToxicityLD50 orally in Rabbit: 266 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit 475 mg/kg
MSDS Information
ProviderLanguage
SigmaAldrich English
ACROS English
ALFA English
Isobutyric acid Usage And Synthesis
Chemical PropertiesIsobutyric acid is a clear colorless oily liquid with an odor and flavor similar to n-butyric acid. Miscible with water, soluble in ethanol and ether. Prepared via oxidation of isobutyl alcohol.
Physical propertiesIsobutyric Acid is a flavoring agent that is a colorless liquid with a strong, penetrating odor, resembling butter. it is miscible in alcohol, propylene glycol, glycerin, mineral oil, and most fixed oils and soluble in water. it is obtained by chemical synthesis. it is also termed isopropylformic acid.
OccurrenceIsobutyric acid occurs naturally in Ceratonia siliqua L. The gum obtained from the kernels of this species is used as a thickener in the food industry. Reported found in several essential oils: Arnica montana, Roman chamomile, Laurus nobilis, imperatoria, and in carob fruits (Siliqua dulcis); also identified in the essence of Seseli tortuosum, Artemisia transiliensis.
UsesIsobutyric acid is used to prepare esters for flavors and perfumes. It is also used as a disinfecting agent, preservative and tanning agent. It finds applications in textile, varnish and the leather industry. Further, it is used as a lactation stimulant in dairy cattle. In addition to this, it is used in the preparation of tetramethylsuccinic acid and diisopropyl ketone.
PreparationIsobutyric acid is prepared in a similar way to butyric acid, mainly by direct oxidation of isobutanol and isobutyraldehyde, which is obtained by a direct oxidation reaction with air or oxygen.
ApplicationIsobutyric acid is mainly used in the synthesis of isobutyric acid esters, such as methyl isobutyrate, propyl ester, isoamyl ester and benzyl ester. It can also be used manufacture of esters for solvents, flavors and perfume bases, disinfecting agent, varnish, plasticizers, deliming hides, tanning agent and used in pharmaceutical. Isobutyric acid has some important derivatives that, in the industry, is actually used for the production of isobutyronitrile intermediates, and then converted to isobutylamidine hydrochloride that is the raw materials of pesticide diazinon.
DefinitionChEBI: Isobutyric acid is a branched fatty acid comprising propanoic acid carrying a methyl branch at C-2. It has a role as a volatile oil component, a plant metabolite and a Daphnia magna metabolite. It is a branched-chain saturated fatty acid, a methyl-branched fatty acid and a fatty acid 4:0. It is a conjugate acid of an isobutyrate.
Aroma threshold valuesDetection: 10 ppb to 9.5 ppm; aroma characteristics at 10 ppm: acidic pungent, dairy buttery and cheesy with fruity undertones.
Taste threshold valuesTaste characteristics at 15 ppm: acidic, sour dairy, creamy, cheese, cultured dairy nuance.
General DescriptionIsobutyric acid appears as a colorless liquid with a light odor of rancid butter. Flash point 132°F. Density 7.9 lb / gal. Corrosive to metals and tissue.
Air & Water ReactionsFlammable. Water soluble
Reactivity ProfileIsobutyric acid corrodes aluminum and other metals. Flammable hydrogen gas may accumulate in enclosed spaces in which this reaction has taken place [USCG, 1999].
HazardToxic by ingestion, strong irritant to tissue.
Health HazardInhalation causes irritation of nose and throat. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach. Contact with eyes or skin causes irritation.
Fire HazardFlammable/combustible material. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.
Biochem/physiol ActionsOdor at 10 ppm
SynthesisThe preparation of isobutyric acid is similar with butyric acid, which is performed by the direct oxidation of isobutyl alcohol and isobutyraldehyde. Isobutyric acid can be directly generated from the oxidation of isobutyraldehyde in air or oxygen. Other manufacturing methods have isobutyronitrile hydrolysis and methacrylic acid hydrogenation. The oxidation of 2-methyl-1-nitropropane to prepare isobutyric acid can also obtain a higher yield. The purification of Isobutyric acid can be realized by azeotropic distillation with water, and anhydrous isobutyric acid can be obtained by the extractive distillation from carbon tetrachloride. Propylene and formic acid ester can react at 50 °C with the catalysis of hydrofluoric acid to generate methyl isobutyrate and propyl isobutyrate.
Purification MethodsDistil the acid from KMnO4, then redistil it from P2O5. [Beilstein 2 H 288, 2 I 126, 2 II 257, 2 III 637, 2 IV 843.]
Toxics Screening LevelAn Initial Threshold Screening Level (ITSL) of 0.9 μg/m3) based on an annual averaging time is being established at this time for isobutyric acid.
Pesticide TypeFungicide
Tag:Isobutyric acid(79-31-2) Related Product Information
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