Nicotinic acid NEW

Nicotinic acid Cas 59-67-6

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Nicotinic acid, also known as niacin or vitamin B3, is an organic compound with the formula C₆H₅NO₂. It consists of a pyridine ring substituted with a carboxyl group. In a chemical context, its structure defines its properties and uses.

Key Chemical Uses and Roles:

1. Industrial Precursor: It is a key starting material for synthesizing various herbicides (e.g., diquat, paraquat analogs) and insecticides. The pyridine nucleus is central to the activity of these agrochemicals.

2. Electroplating Additive: In electroplating baths, particularly for nickel, nicotinic acid acts as a brightening agent. It helps produce smoother, more reflective, and corrosion-resistant metal coatings by modifying the crystallization process at the cathode.

3. Ligand in Coordination Chemistry: The nitrogen in its pyridine ring and the oxygen in the carboxyl group can donate electrons, making it a useful chelating ligand for metal ions (e.g., zinc, copper). This property is exploited in catalysis and materials science.

4. Organic Synthesis Building Block: Its bifunctional structure (aromatic ring, carboxylic acid) makes it a versatile chemical intermediate for producing pharmaceuticals, dyes, and other complex organic molecules.

5. Biochemical Cofactor Synthesis: This is its most vital chemical role. Nicotinic acid is the direct biosynthetic precursor to NAD⁺ and NADP⁺, essential coenzymes in all living cells that mediate redox reactions in metabolism. Chemically, it is incorporated into these larger molecules.

In summary, beyond its vitamin function, nicotinic acid is chemically valued as a versatile heterocyclic building block in industrial synthesis, a modifier in electroplating, and a ligand in coordination chemistry, all driven by its reactive pyridine-carboxylate structure.

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