The GRIA3 antibody targets the glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 3 (GluA3), encoded by the GRIA3 gene. This receptor is a critical component of AMPA-type ionotropic glutamate receptors, which mediate fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. GluA3 forms ligand-gated ion channels, typically as heterotetramers with other AMPA receptor subunits (GluA1-4), and plays a role in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. Dysregulation of AMPA receptors, including GluA3. has been implicated in neurological disorders such as epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, and schizophrenia.
GRIA3 antibodies are widely used in neuroscience research to study receptor expression, localization, and function in both healthy and diseased states. They are employed in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence to detect GluA3 in brain tissues or cultured neuronal cells. Commercially available GRIA3 antibodies are often raised against specific epitopes, such as the N-terminal extracellular domain or C-terminal regions, and validated for specificity using knockout controls or peptide blocking assays.
Recent studies also explore GRIA3's involvement in cancer, as aberrant glutamate signaling may influence tumor progression. Researchers utilize these antibodies to investigate GluA3's role in cellular pathways, receptor trafficking, and interactions with scaffolding proteins like PSD-95. Variants in GRIA3 have been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders, underscoring its clinical relevance. Proper validation of GRIA3 antibodies remains essential to ensure accurate interpretation in experimental models, from rodents to human post-mortem samples.