Prohibitin (PHB) antibodies are essential tools in studying the diverse roles of prohibitin proteins, PHB1 and PHB2. which belong to a conserved protein family with critical functions in cellular homeostasis. Initially identified as tumor suppressors, PHBs are now recognized for their multifaceted roles in mitochondrial integrity, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and transcriptional regulation. PHB1 and PHB2 form a ring-like complex in the mitochondrial inner membrane, contributing to mitochondrial biogenesis, metabolism, and structural stability. In the nucleus, PHBs interact with transcription factors (e.g., estrogen receptors, p53) and chromatin modifiers, influencing gene expression linked to stress responses and cancer progression.
PHB antibodies enable researchers to detect protein localization (mitochondrial vs. nuclear), expression levels, and post-translational modifications across tissues and disease models. Dysregulation of PHBs is implicated in cancer (overexpressed in some malignancies, suppressed in others), neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Alzheimer’s), metabolic diseases, and aging. These antibodies are widely used in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and co-immunoprecipitation to explore PHB interactions and pathways. Recent studies also highlight PHBs as potential therapeutic targets, driving demand for high-specificity antibodies to dissect their context-dependent roles in health and disease.