The Replication Protein A1 (RPA1) antibody is a critical tool for studying the RPA complex, a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-binding protein essential for DNA replication, repair, and recombination. RPA1. the largest subunit (70 kDa) of the heterotrimeric RPA complex (comprising RPA1. RPA2. and RPA3), stabilizes ssDNA during processes like replication fork progression, nucleotide excision repair, and homologous recombination. It also coordinates checkpoint signaling and recruitment of DNA-processing enzymes. Dysregulation of RPA1 is linked to genomic instability, cancer progression, and resistance to therapies targeting DNA damage.
RPA1 antibodies are widely used in molecular biology to detect RPA1 expression via techniques such as Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunoprecipitation. They help assess RPA1’s role in cell cycle regulation, DNA damage response (e.g., after UV or chemotherapy), and interactions with partners like p53 or BRCA1/2. Researchers also employ these antibodies to investigate RPA1 overexpression in cancers (e.g., breast, lung) as a potential biomarker for prognosis or therapeutic targeting. Specificity is validated using knockout cell lines or competitive peptides.
Overall, RPA1 antibodies are indispensable for elucidating DNA metabolism mechanisms and developing strategies to exploit RPA1 dysfunction in disease contexts.