**Background of BPIFA2 Antibody**
BPIFA2 (BPI Fold Containing Family A Member 2), also known as SPLUNC2. is a member of the bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) family. It is primarily expressed in mucosal tissues, including the respiratory tract, oral cavity, and salivary glands. Structurally, BPIFA2 contains a conserved BPI-like domain, which may enable interactions with microbial components, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS), though its precise biological functions remain less characterized compared to other BPI family members.
Antibodies targeting BPIFA2 are valuable tools for studying its role in innate immunity and mucosal defense. Research suggests BPIFA2 may modulate inflammatory responses and ion channel activity, potentially influencing airway surface liquid homeostasis. Dysregulation of BPIFA2 has been implicated in chronic inflammatory diseases (e.g., chronic rhinosinusitis, asthma) and cancers, particularly head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, where its expression may serve as a prognostic marker.
BPIFA2 antibodies are utilized in immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and ELISA to assess protein localization, expression levels, and interactions in disease models. Recent studies also explore its therapeutic potential, including as a biomarker for early cancer detection or a target for anti-inflammatory therapies. However, further research is needed to fully elucidate its mechanisms and clinical relevance.