LRP1 (Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 1) is a multifunctional transmembrane receptor belonging to the LDL receptor family. It plays critical roles in endocytosis, cell signaling, and regulation of cellular processes such as lipid metabolism, cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. LRP1 consists of a 515 kDa α-chain and an 85 kDa β-chain, forming a non-covalent heterodimer. It interacts with over 40 ligands, including apolipoprotein E, α2-macroglobulin, and amyloid-β (Aβ), implicating it in neurodegenerative diseases, atherosclerosis, and cancer.
LRP1 antibodies are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and function. They are widely used in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry to investigate LRP1's involvement in disease mechanisms. In Alzheimer's disease research, LRP1 antibodies help elucidate its role in Aβ clearance across the blood-brain barrier. In oncology, they explore LRP1's dual role in either promoting or suppressing tumor metastasis, depending on cellular context.
Commercially available LRP1 antibodies target specific epitopes, such as the extracellular α-chain or cytoplasmic β-chain domains. Validation is crucial due to potential cross-reactivity with other LDL receptor family members. Recent studies also highlight LRP1's therapeutic potential, driving demand for antibodies in drug development and biomarker discovery. Understanding LRP1's complex biology through specific antibodies remains vital for advancing cardiovascular, neurological, and cancer research.