The adenosine A2a receptor (ADORA2A) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that binds adenosine, a purine nucleoside involved in cellular energy regulation and signaling. Primarily expressed in the central nervous system (particularly the basal ganglia), immune cells, and cardiovascular tissues, ADORA2A modulates neurotransmission, inflammation, and blood flow. It plays a key role in dopamine signaling pathways, making it a therapeutic target for neurological disorders like Parkinson’s disease. In immunology, ADORA2A activation suppresses inflammatory responses, influencing conditions such as cancer and autoimmune diseases.
ADORA2A antibodies are tools used to detect and study the receptor’s expression, localization, and function in research. These antibodies are typically developed in hosts like rabbits or mice, targeting specific epitopes on the receptor’s extracellular or intracellular domains. Applications include Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), and flow cytometry. Validated antibodies help investigate ADORA2A’s role in cAMP signaling, receptor trafficking, and interactions with ligands or drugs. Specificity and cross-reactivity (e.g., with other adenosine receptor subtypes like ADORA1 or ADORA2B) are critical validation steps. In drug development, ADORA2A antibodies aid in evaluating antagonists/agonists for therapies targeting neuroprotection, immune modulation, or cardiovascular regulation. Research using these antibodies has advanced understanding of adenosine-mediated pathways in both physiological and pathological contexts.