The ADCY3 antibody is a research tool designed to detect and study adenylate cyclase 3 (ADCY3), a membrane-bound enzyme critical for cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling. ADCY3. a member of the adenylate cyclase family, catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cAMP, a secondary messenger regulating diverse physiological processes, including metabolism, hormone secretion, and neuronal signaling. This enzyme is particularly enriched in brain regions, olfactory cilia, and adipose tissues, implicating its roles in energy homeostasis, olfaction, and neurological functions.
ADCY3 antibodies are commonly used in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF) to examine protein expression, localization, and regulation. Research has linked ADCY3 mutations or dysregulation to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and neurological disorders, making its study clinically relevant. For instance, ADCY3 knockout models exhibit metabolic defects, while human genetic studies associate ADCY3 variants with BMI alterations.
These antibodies typically target specific epitopes within ADCY3’s cytoplasmic domains (e.g., catalytic regions) or extracellular loops, depending on the antibody’s design. Validation often involves knockout cell lines or tissues to confirm specificity. Commercial ADCY3 antibodies vary in host species (e.g., rabbit, mouse), clonality (monoclonal/polyclonal), and applications, requiring careful selection based on experimental needs. Recent studies also explore ADCY3’s role in ciliopathies and cancer, expanding its biomedical significance.
Overall, ADCY3 antibodies are vital for unraveling the enzyme’s molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential in metabolic and neurological diseases.