The Glioma Pathogenesis-Related Protein 1 (GLIPR1), also known as GLIPR or RTVP-1. is a member of the CAP (cysteine-rich secretory proteins, antigen 5. and pathogenesis-related 1 proteins) superfamily. Initially identified for its upregulated expression in glioblastoma, GLIPR1 is a secreted protein implicated in diverse cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. Structurally, it contains a conserved CAP domain linked to lipid-binding and membrane-interaction functions. GLIPR1 exhibits dual roles in cancer, acting as a tumor suppressor in gliomas and prostate cancer by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting invasiveness, while paradoxically supporting tumor progression in other contexts, such as melanoma or osteosarcoma, through pro-survival signaling. Its expression is often epigenetically silenced via promoter hypermethylation in prostate cancer, correlating with disease progression.
GLIPR1 antibodies are critical tools for studying its expression patterns, localization, and regulatory mechanisms in both normal and pathological states. They enable detection via Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry, aiding research into GLIPR1's role in cancer biology, neurodevelopment, and immune modulation. Therapeutic applications are also explored, including antibody-mediated targeting of GLIPR1 in cancers or leveraging its immunostimulatory properties for vaccine development. Additionally, GLIPR1 antibodies may serve as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers, particularly in malignancies marked by dysregulated GLIPR1 expression. Ongoing studies focus on clarifying its context-dependent functions and therapeutic potential.