**Background of ZBP1 Antibody**
ZBP1 (Z-DNA-binding protein 1), also known as DAI (DNA-dependent activator of IFN-regulatory factors) or DLM-1. is a cytosolic innate immune sensor that recognizes noncanonical nucleic acid structures, such as Z-form DNA or RNA (Z-DNA/Z-RNA). It is interferon-inducible and plays a critical role in antiviral defense, inflammatory responses, and programmed cell death pathways. ZBP1 activates RIPK3 (receptor-interacting protein kinase 3)-dependent necroptosis, apoptosis, or pyroptosis upon sensing pathogen- or damage-associated nucleic acids, particularly during viral infections. Its signaling often involves the formation of a PANoptosome complex, integrating multiple cell death pathways.
ZBP1 antibodies are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and function in immune regulation and disease. They are widely used in techniques like Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunoprecipitation to investigate ZBP1's role in viral infections (e.g., influenza, herpesviruses), cancer immunity, and autoimmune disorders. Research also focuses on ZBP1's contribution to sterile inflammation in conditions like neurodegeneration or tissue injury. Antibodies targeting specific domains (e.g., Zα for nucleic acid binding) help dissect mechanistic interactions with ligands or downstream effectors like RIPK1/RIPK3. As dysregulated ZBP1 signaling is linked to pathological outcomes, its antibody-based detection aids in therapeutic exploration, including targeting necroptosis in cancer or mitigating excessive inflammation.