ZHX3 (Zinc Fingers and Homeoboxes Protein 3) is a member of the ZHX protein family, which includes ZHX1. ZHX2. and ZHX3. These proteins are characterized by two zinc finger domains and a homeodomain, suggesting roles in DNA binding and transcriptional regulation. ZHX3 is primarily known as a transcriptional repressor and interacts with nuclear transcription factors, such as NF-YA, to modulate gene expression networks. It is involved in diverse physiological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and oncogenesis. Studies indicate that ZHX3 may act as either an oncogene or tumor suppressor depending on cellular context, with dysregulated expression observed in cancers like hepatocellular carcinoma and glioblastoma. Its role in development and tissue homeostasis is also under investigation, particularly in neural and hematopoietic systems.
ZHX3-specific antibodies are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and interactions. They are widely used in techniques such as Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF) to explore ZHX3's tissue distribution, subcellular localization (primarily nuclear), and association with disease states. Despite progress, ZHX3's precise molecular mechanisms, including target genes and regulatory partners, remain incompletely characterized. Current research focuses on elucidating its dual roles in cancer progression and developmental disorders, as well as its potential as a therapeutic target. The availability of reliable ZHX3 antibodies continues to support these investigations, though further validation is needed to address context-dependent functional variations.