**Background of AQP1 Antibody**
Aquaporin-1 (AQP1) is a small integral membrane protein belonging to the aquaporin family, first identified in 1988. It facilitates the selective transport of water across cell membranes, playing a critical role in maintaining water homeostasis in various tissues, including the kidneys, lungs, blood vessels, and eyes. AQP1 forms tetrameric channels in membranes, enabling rapid water flux driven by osmotic gradients.
Antibodies targeting AQP1 are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and function. These antibodies are widely used in techniques like immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blotting, and immunofluorescence to detect AQP1 in tissue sections or cultured cells. AQP1 dysregulation has been implicated in pathological conditions such as edema, cancer (via angiogenesis), and renal disorders. For instance, reduced AQP1 expression in renal tubules correlates with impaired urine concentration, while its overexpression in tumors may promote metastasis.
Research applications of AQP1 antibodies also extend to exploring therapeutic interventions. Inhibiting AQP1 in preclinical models has shown potential in limiting tumor growth or fluid retention. However, challenges remain in ensuring antibody specificity, as cross-reactivity with other aquaporins can occur. Validated AQP1 antibodies are thus crucial for accurate experimental outcomes. Overall, AQP1 antibodies serve as vital reagents in both basic research and clinical investigations, advancing our understanding of water transport mechanisms and related diseases.