RAB21 is a member of the RAB family of small GTPases, which regulate intracellular membrane trafficking by cycling between active (GTP-bound) and inactive (GDP-bound) states. Specifically, RAB21 is implicated in endocytic trafficking, endosome maturation, and receptor recycling, influencing cellular processes like cell migration, autophagy, and signaling. Dysregulation of RAB21 has been linked to diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and viral infections, underscoring its role in maintaining cellular homeostasis.
RAB21 antibodies are essential tools for studying the protein's expression, localization, and function. These antibodies are typically developed using immunogenic peptides or recombinant RAB21 proteins and validated for specificity in assays such as Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunoprecipitation. Monoclonal antibodies offer high specificity, while polyclonal antibodies may detect multiple epitopes, enhancing sensitivity.
Research utilizing RAB21 antibodies has revealed its involvement in integrin trafficking, cytokine receptor signaling, and pathogen entry mechanisms. Such studies contribute to understanding disease mechanisms and identifying therapeutic targets. Commercial RAB21 antibodies often include validation data across species (e.g., human, mouse) and applications, ensuring reliability. However, users must verify cross-reactivity and optimize experimental conditions to avoid artifacts, ensuring accurate interpretation of RAB21's dynamic roles in cellular physiology and pathology.