IFIT3 (Interferon-Induced Protein with Tetratricopeptide Repeats 3) is a member of the IFN-induced protein family, encoded by interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). It plays a critical role in innate immunity, particularly in antiviral defense. IFIT3 is induced by type I and III interferons (IFNs) during viral infections, where it acts as a mediator to inhibit viral replication by sequestering viral RNA or interacting with host cell machinery involved in viral translation. Its structure includes tetratricopeptide repeats (TPRs), which facilitate protein-protein interactions, enabling IFIT3 to modulate immune signaling pathways like RIG-I/MDA5-mediated antiviral responses.
IFIT3 antibodies are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and function in immune regulation. They are widely used in techniques such as Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry to detect IFIT3 in cell lines, tissues, or infection models. These antibodies help elucidate IFIT3’s role in diseases beyond viral infections, including cancer and autoimmune disorders. For instance, elevated IFIT3 levels correlate with tumor progression in certain cancers, suggesting dual roles in pro-survival signaling or apoptosis regulation, depending on cellular context.
Research using IFIT3 antibodies has advanced understanding of its crosstalk with pathways like NF-κB and STAT, highlighting its therapeutic potential. However, antibody specificity remains a consideration, requiring validation via knockout controls. Overall, IFIT3 antibodies are pivotal in dissecting its complex roles in immunity and disease.