**Background of ADH5 Antibody**
ADH5 (Alcohol Dehydrogenase 5), also known as glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH) or class III alcohol dehydrogenase, is a key enzyme involved in cellular detoxification and metabolic processes. It primarily catalyzes the oxidation of formaldehyde, a toxic byproduct of cellular metabolism, into formate using glutathione as a cofactor. This reaction is critical for mitigating formaldehyde-induced DNA damage and maintaining cellular homeostasis. ADH5 also plays a role in nitric oxide (NO) signaling by metabolizing S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), a nitric oxide carrier.
Structurally, ADH5 belongs to the medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (MDR) superfamily, characterized by a conserved catalytic zinc-binding domain. Unlike other alcohol dehydrogenases, ADH5 is constitutively expressed across tissues, with high activity in the liver, kidneys, and gastrointestinal tract.
ADH5 antibodies are essential tools for studying the enzyme's expression, localization, and function in both physiological and pathological contexts. They are widely used in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA to investigate ADH5's role in diseases linked to oxidative stress, such as alcohol-related disorders, cancer, and neurodegenerative conditions (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease). Research also explores ADH5's potential as a therapeutic target due to its involvement in detoxification pathways. These antibodies are typically raised in hosts like rabbits or mice, targeting specific epitopes of human or murine ADH5. enabling species-specific applications in biomedical research.