The PTP4A3 antibody targets the protein tyrosine phosphatase 4A3 (PTP4A3), also known as PRL-3 (phosphatase of regenerating liver-3). PTP4A3 is a member of the PRL phosphatase family, implicated in regulating cellular signaling pathways associated with cell proliferation, migration, and metastasis. Initially identified for its overexpression in cancer, PTP4A3 is linked to tumor progression, particularly in colorectal, liver, ovarian, and breast cancers. Its role in promoting oncogenesis involves interactions with substrates that modulate cytoskeletal dynamics, growth factor signaling, and extracellular matrix remodeling.
PTP4A3 antibodies are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and function in both normal and pathological contexts. These antibodies are used in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence to detect PTP4A3 levels in tissues or cell lines, aiding in cancer research and biomarker discovery. Elevated PTP4A3 expression correlates with poor prognosis, making it a potential therapeutic target. Structurally, PTP4A3 contains a conserved phosphatase domain and a C-terminal prenylation motif critical for membrane association. Antibodies targeting specific epitopes help elucidate its post-translational modifications and interaction networks. Research using PTP4A3 antibodies continues to explore its dual role as a phosphatase and signaling scaffold, offering insights into metastasis mechanisms and strategies for inhibiting tumor progression.