The cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C (COX6C) antibody is a research tool targeting a key component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. COX6C, a nuclear-encoded subunit of cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV), plays a critical role in catalyzing the final step of oxidative phosphorylation by transferring electrons to oxygen, coupled with proton pumping across the mitochondrial membrane. This 75-amino-acid protein localizes to the inner mitochondrial membrane and contributes to Complex IV assembly and stability.
COX6C antibodies are widely used to investigate mitochondrial function, cellular energy metabolism, and diseases linked to oxidative phosphorylation defects. They enable detection of COX6C expression levels via techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. Research has implicated COX6C dysregulation in conditions such as prostate cancer, neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Parkinson's disease), and mitochondrial myopathies. Some studies suggest COX6C overexpression may serve as a biomarker for certain cancers, while mutations or deficiencies are associated with compromised ATP production and cellular stress.
These antibodies also support studies exploring metabolic adaptations in hypoxia, aging, and exercise physiology. Commercial COX6C antibodies are typically validated for specificity using knockout controls or siRNA-mediated protein suppression. Ongoing research aims to clarify COX6C's regulatory roles beyond electron transport, including potential involvement in apoptosis and ROS signaling pathways.