ITLN1 (Intelectin-1), also known as omentin-1. is a calcium-dependent lectin primarily secreted by visceral adipose tissue, intestinal goblet cells, and immune cells. It plays a role in innate immunity by recognizing pathogen-associated glycans, such as those on bacterial and fungal surfaces, via its fibrinogen-like domain. Structurally, ITLN1 forms trimers that bind to galactofuranose and other carbohydrate moieties, facilitating microbial clearance and immune modulation. It is also implicated in metabolic regulation, insulin sensitivity, and anti-inflammatory responses, with links to obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.
Antibodies targeting ITLN1 are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and function. They enable detection in tissues (e.g., gut, adipose) and biofluids (e.g., serum) using techniques like Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA. Such antibodies have revealed ITLN1's dynamic expression in conditions like inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, and metabolic syndromes. For instance, reduced ITLN1 levels correlate with insulin resistance, while elevated levels are observed in certain cancers. Both monoclonal and polyclonal anti-ITLN1 antibodies are available, often validated for specificity against conserved epitopes. These reagents support research into ITLN1's dual roles in immunity and metabolism, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target or biomarker.