The DLG4 antibody targets the Discs Large Homolog 4 (DLG4) protein, also known as postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95). DLG4 is a critical scaffolding protein within the membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) family, predominantly localized at excitatory neuronal synapses. It plays a central role in organizing synaptic signaling complexes by anchoring glutamate receptors (e.g., NMDA receptors), ion channels, and adhesion molecules to the postsynaptic density. DLG4 stabilizes synaptic structure, regulates synaptic plasticity, and modulates signal transduction pathways involved in learning and memory.
Altered DLG4 expression or dysfunction has been linked to neurological and psychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, autism spectrum disorders, and schizophrenia. DLG4 antibodies are widely used in neuroscience research to study synaptic protein interactions, receptor trafficking, and synaptic ultrastructure via techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunoprecipitation. They also serve as tools to investigate disease mechanisms or evaluate therapeutic interventions targeting synaptic integrity.
Commercial DLG4 antibodies are typically raised against specific epitopes, such as the N-terminal PDZ domains or C-terminal regions, with validation in knockout models to ensure specificity. Their application extends to diagnostic research, aiding in the identification of synaptic pathology in brain tissue samples. Recent studies also explore DLG4 as a potential biomarker or therapeutic target for neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative conditions.