PPEF1 (Protein Phosphatase with EF-Hand Domain 1), also known as PPEF, is a serine/threonine phosphatase belonging to the PPP family. It is encoded by the *PPEF1* gene in humans and is characterized by a unique N-terminal EF-hand calcium-binding domain, distinguishing it from other phosphatases. PPEF1 is predominantly expressed in sensory neurons and retinal tissues, suggesting a role in visual signal transduction and neuronal development. Studies link it to phototransduction pathways, where it may dephosphorylate key components to regulate light adaptation.
PPEF1 antibodies are immunological tools developed to detect and study the expression, localization, and function of PPEF1 in biological systems. These antibodies are widely used in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence to investigate PPEF1's involvement in diseases, including retinal degeneration and neurological disorders. Research also explores its potential tumor-suppressive roles in certain cancers, though mechanisms remain under investigation.
Commercial PPEF1 antibodies are typically raised in rabbits or mice using recombinant protein fragments or synthetic peptides as immunogens. Validation includes testing for specificity via knockout controls or siRNA knockdown. Despite progress, challenges persist in understanding PPEF1's full interactome and substrate profile, driving ongoing demand for reliable antibodies to advance functional and clinical studies.