**Background of FST (Follistatin) Antibodies**
Follistatin (FST), a glycoprotein encoded by the *FST* gene, plays a critical role in regulating cellular processes by binding and neutralizing members of the TGF-β superfamily, particularly activins and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). It modulates signaling pathways involved in muscle growth, follicular development, and metabolic regulation. FST exists in multiple isoforms (e.g., FST315. FST288) due to alternative splicing, each exhibiting distinct biological activities and tissue-specific expression.
FST antibodies are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and function. They enable detection of FST in immunoassays (e.g., Western blot, ELISA, immunohistochemistry) and are used to investigate its role in diseases such as muscle atrophy, cancer, and reproductive disorders. For instance, FST overexpression is linked to muscle hypertrophy, while its inhibition may influence tumor progression. Therapeutic applications are also emerging, with FST-neutralizing antibodies explored for conditions like cancer cachexia or fibrosis.
Researchers prioritize antibodies targeting specific FST isoforms or domains to ensure experimental precision. Validating antibody specificity remains crucial, as cross-reactivity with related proteins (e.g., follistatin-like 1) can skew results. Overall, FST antibodies are pivotal in unraveling the protein's diverse roles and advancing translational research in regenerative medicine and disease treatment.