STMN1 (Stathmin 1), also known as oncoprotein 18 (Op18), is a cytosolic phosphoprotein encoded by the STMN1 gene. It plays a critical role in regulating microtubule dynamics by promoting depolymerization or preventing polymerization of tubulin, thereby influencing cell cycle progression, mitosis, and intracellular transport. Overexpression of STMN1 is associated with enhanced cell proliferation, migration, and malignancy in various cancers, including breast, ovarian, and hepatocellular carcinomas. Its expression is tightly regulated by phosphorylation, which modulates its microtubule-destabilizing activity in response to cellular signals.
STMN1 antibodies are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and post-translational modifications in both physiological and pathological contexts. These antibodies are widely used in techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF) to assess STMN1 levels in cancer tissues, where it serves as a potential prognostic biomarker. Researchers also utilize STMN1 antibodies to investigate mechanisms of drug resistance, as its dysregulation is linked to chemotherapeutic failure. Additionally, studies explore STMN1's role in neurological disorders due to its expression in neuronal tissues. The development of specific STMN1 antibodies has advanced research into targeting this protein for therapeutic interventions, such as microtubule-stabilizing agents in cancer treatment.