**Background of TNS4 Antibody**
TNS4 (Tensin-4), a member of the Tensin family, is a cytoplasmic protein implicated in cell adhesion, signaling, and cytoskeletal organization. The Tensin family, including TNS1. TNS2. TNS3. and TNS4. shares structural domains such as SH2 and phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) regions, enabling interactions with integrins, growth factor receptors, and actin filaments. TNS4. specifically, is encoded by the *TNS4* gene and is expressed in various tissues, with elevated levels observed in epithelial and cancer cells.
Functionally, TNS4 regulates cell migration, proliferation, and survival by linking extracellular matrix signals to intracellular pathways, including PI3K/AKT and MAPK. Its role in cancer has garnered significant interest, as TNS4 is frequently overexpressed in tumors like breast, colorectal, and lung cancers, where it promotes metastasis and chemoresistance. Additionally, TNS4 interacts with oncogenic proteins such as HER2 and β-catenin, modulating their downstream effects.
TNS4 antibodies are essential tools for detecting and studying the protein's expression, localization, and function in both normal and pathological contexts. These antibodies enable techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence, aiding in biomarker discovery and mechanistic studies. Research on TNS4 continues to explore its potential as a therapeutic target or diagnostic marker, particularly in cancers with dysregulated adhesion signaling pathways.